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Linux笔记 #06# 在VPS上自建Git服务

4天前CN2资讯

1. 安装记录（可能有错。。。）

本地（ Debian 8.8）：

sudo apt-get install git

git version # 确保正确安装

root@xkfx:~# git config --global "little fish"
root@xkfx:~# git config --global user.email "little_fish@"# 初始设置，作为储存在本地的变量，会用在Git的提交日志中root@xkfx:~# git config
little fish
root@xkfx:~# git config user.email
little_fish@

生成 ssh key （这个不是 git 命令！），

root@xkfx:~# ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "little_fish@"
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
53:f3:c5:06:28:61:3f:12:36:fc:54:c7:df:4c:9c:60 little_fish_pubic@ # 已改，仅作示范
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
| .*..+o..E...|
| o.++ +o .o|
| .oo + +. + |
| ..o = . o|
| S . |
| . |
| |
| |
| |
+-----------------+

总之本地持有私匙，远程持有对应公匙，这样双方才能安全通信。关于邮箱参数有啥用可以参考这个文档（是作为 ssh key 的一个标签，这在仓库放在 github 上的时候会有用 ~）密码是给私匙配的。

VPS（Centos 6 x86 bbr ）：

[root@xkfx ~]# yum install git
[root@xkfx ~]# git version

把有权限访问的【终端的公匙】拷贝进去，一行一个，

root@xkfx:~# cat /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDGetaJDc9kTMrRlw+++ve+w4gamJH2LfNC9qJa/LbvXUFkO1atJCQxn2DlaNvQxrMvSSAHRNo2MmNnxRp9Vi8sg6KawgVKx6n60maMxvMugkzV+BOm8ds+C5M+JAdRzjBzfdgWIMgdqZfyfG1sHnTg6JGvzCxJ9DigNb+2cho20CXhCv5JKsn2fHzyc75BguT8gxZ7e9vtQNWywLNNse8mCFmc28kmxXo14eDuZPbDGnEU12BO+UFVqYbeFVNLVcS8x2GiJg/Iy5pDCPScPI0iyZGor7AkI0SjfhQuc4uMDVIDWC5gp8cqudxP little_fish_pubic@

[root@xkfx ~]# sudo adduser git[root@xkfx ~]# cd /home/git
[root@xkfx git]# mkdir .ssh
[root@xkfx git]# vim /home/git/.ssh/authorized_keys

[root@xkfx git]# sudo git init --bare sample.git
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/git/sample.git/

出于安全性考虑，

[root@xkfx git]# sudo chown -R git:git sample.git
[root@xkfx git]# vim /etc/passwd

2.基本操作尝试

root@xkfx:~# git clone git@your ip address:/home/git/sample.git

Cloning into 'sample'...

ssh: connect to host your ip address port 22: Connection refused

fatal: Could not read from remote repository.

Please make sure you have the correct access rights

and the repository exists.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

root@xkfx:~# eval $(ssh-agent -s)

Agent pid 16083

root@xkfx:~# ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Enter passphrase for /root/.ssh/id_rsa:

Bad passphrase, try again for /root/.ssh/id_rsa:

Identity added: /root/.ssh/id_rsa (/root/.ssh/id_rsa)

root@xkfx:~# ssh -T git@your ip address

ssh: connect to host your ip address port 22: Connection refused

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

root@xkfx:~# ssh -T git@

The authenticity of host ' (192.30.253.112)' can't be established.

RSA key fingerprint is 16:27:ac:a5:76:28:2d:36:63:1b:56:4d:eb:df:a6:48.

Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes

Warning: Permanently added ',192.30.253.112' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.

Permission denied (publickey).

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

换菜鸟教程从头敲一遍失败

换了个 VPS 按照菜鸟教程重敲了一遍就成功了。

root@xkfx:~# groupadd git
root@xkfx:~# useradd git -g git
root@xkfx:~# cd /home/git/
root@xkfx:/home/git# mkdir .ssh
root@xkfx:/home/git# chmod 755 .ssh
root@xkfx:/home/git# touch .ssh/authorized_keys
root@xkfx:/home/git# chmod 644 .ssh/authorized_keys
root@xkfx:/home/git# cd /home
root@xkfx:/home# mkdir gitrepo
root@xkfx:/home# chown git:git gitrepo/
root@xkfx:/home# cd gitrepo
root@xkfx:/home/gitrepo# git init --bare runoob.git
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/gitrepo/runoob.git/
root@xkfx:/home/gitrepo# chown -R git:git runoob.git # 必要的！否则会因为权限不够无法 push
root@xkfx:/home/gitrepo# vim /home/git/.ssh/authorized_keys

mdzz@LAPTOP-QGECNCGO MINGW64 /d/labs

$ git clone git@????????????:/home/gitrepo/runoob.git

Cloning into 'runoob'...

warning: You appear to have cloned an empty repository.