selenium 设置代理 和 设置认证代理selenium socks5 代理验证
米扑代理,全球领导的代理品牌,专注代理行业近十年,提供开放、私密、独享代理,并可免费试用
本文示例,是结合米扑代理的私密、独享、开放代理,专门研发的示例,
支持 http、https的无密码、白名单ip、密码授权三种类型
示例中,用的插件 xpi 请到米扑代理官网,或米扑官方 github 下载
本文,直接给出完整的代码,都经过严格验证通过,具体请见注释
本文示例的运行环境:
MacBook Pro MacOS High Sierra Version 10.13.4
Google Chrome Version 63.0.3239.84 (Official Build) (64-bit)
Python 2.7.13 (v2.7.13:a06454b1afa1, Dec 17 2016, 12:39:47)
$ pip list | grep selenium
selenium (3.4.2)
chromedriver 下载地址:http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html
Python + Selenium + Chrome
出错提示:WebDriverException: 'chromedriver' executable needs to be in PATH
解决方法:
a. 下载 ChromeDriver,其它浏览器参见官网说明
b. 复制 chromedrive 文件到 Google Chrome 程序目录下,或复制到环境变量下
cp chromedrive /usr/local/bin/
各操作系统里的位置路径可以参考官方Wiki
Python 代码里创建 webdriver 对象时传递 chromedrive 路径
示例1:MacOS + chrome 环境
chromedriver = "/Applications/Google /Contents/MacOS/chromedriver"
browser = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chromedriver) # 打开 Chrome 浏览器
browser.get(url)
content = browser.page_source
print("content: " + str(content))
示例2:MacOS + 环境变量
def spider_url_chrome(url): browser = None display = None try: display = Display(visible=0, size=(800, 600)) display.start() chromedriver = '/usr/local/bin/chromedriver' browser = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chromedriver) # 打开 Chrome 浏览器 browser.get(url) content = browser.page_source print("content: " + str(content)) finally: if browser: browser.quit() if display: display.stop()Selenium + chromedriver 代理使用,无密码或已设置白名单ip
## webdriver + chrome + proxy + whiteip (无密码,或白名单ip授权) ## 米扑代理:https://proxy.mimvp.com def spider_url_chrome_by_whiteip(url): browser = None display = None ## 白名单ip,请见米扑代理会员中心: https://proxy.mimvp.com/usercenter/userinfo.php?p=whiteip mimvp_proxy = { 'ip' : '140.143.62.84', # ip 'port_https' : 62288, # http, https 'port_socks' : 62287, # socks5 'username' : 'mimvp-user', 'password' : 'mimvp-pass' } try: display = Display(visible=0, size=(800, 600)) display.start() chrome_options = Options() # ok chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions() # ok proxy_https_argument = '--proxy-server=http://{ip}:{port}'.format(ip=mimvp_proxy['ip'], port=mimvp_proxy['port_https']) # http, https (无密码,或白名单ip授权,成功) chrome_options.add_argument(proxy_https_argument) # proxy_socks_argument = '--proxy-server=socks5://{ip}:{port}'.format(ip=mimvp_proxy['ip'], port=mimvp_proxy['port_socks']) # socks5 (无密码,或白名单ip授权,失败) # chrome_options.add_argument(proxy_socks_argument) chromedriver = '/usr/local/bin/chromedriver' browser = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chromedriver, chrome_options=chrome_options) # 打开 Chrome 浏览器 browser.get(url) content = browser.page_source print("content: " + str(content)) finally: if browser: browser.quit() if display: display.stop()Selenium + chromedriver 代理使用,支持http、https账号密码
本示例,采用了米扑代理的用户名密码授权
获取户名密码授权,请到米扑代理 - 会员中心 - 白名单ip
1、创建一个zip包,包含以下两个文件 background.js 和 manifest.json,打包成 proxy.zip
1)background.js
var config = { mode: "fixed_servers", rules: { singleProxy: { scheme: "http", host: "140.143.62.84", port: 19480 }, bypassList: ["mimvp.com"] } }; chrome.proxy.settings.set({value: config, scope: "regular"}, function() {}); function callbackFn(details) { return { authCredentials: { username: "mimvp-user", password: "mimvp-pass" } }; } chrome.webRequest.onAuthRequired.addListener( callbackFn, {urls: ["<all_urls>"]}, ['blocking'] );</all_urls>注意:上面配置中,需要把代理ip、port、username、password 替换成米扑代理的ip:port、授权用户名和密码
2)manifest.json
{"version": "1.0.0", "manifest_version": 2, "name": "Chrome Proxy", "permissions": [ "proxy", "tabs", "unlimitedStorage", "storage", "<all_urls>", "webRequest", "webRequestBlocking" ], "background": { "scripts": ["background.js"] }, "minimum_chrome_version":"22.0.0" }说明:上面配置,不需要改动,直接拷贝使用即可
2、添加 proxy.zip 到 chrome 中作为插件
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.common.proxy import * from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options from pyvirtualdisplay import Display # from xvfbwrapper import Xvfb def spider_url_chrome_by_https(url): browser = None display = None try: display = Display(visible=0, size=(800, 600)) display.start() chrome_options = Options() chrome_options.add_extension("proxy.zip") chromedriver = '/usr/local/bin/chromedriver' browser = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chromedriver, chrome_options=chrome_options) # 打开 Chrome 浏览器 browser.get(url) content = browser.page_source print("content: " + str(content)) finally: if browser: browser.quit() if display: display.stop() if __name__ == '__main__': url = 'https://ip.cn' url = 'https://mimvp.com/' url = 'https://proxy.mimvp.com/ip.php' # http, https 密码授权,成功 spider_url_chrome_by_https(url) 3、运行效果,验证成功 content: <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head></head><body>140.143.62.84</body></html>