简介

服务器根据客户端的请求，从其关联的一组或多组后端服务器（如Web服务器）上获取资源，然后再将这些资源返回给客户端，客户端只会得知反向代理的IP地址，而不知道在代理服务器后面的服务器的存在。

模块

ngx_http_proxy_module

示例

location / { proxy_pass http://localhost:8000; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; }

1.设置缓冲区的大小为size。

Syntax: proxy_buffer_size size; Default: proxy_buffer_size 4k|8k; Context: http, server, location

2.设置响应被缓存的最小请求

Syntax: proxy_cache_path path [levels=levels] [use_temp_path=on|off] keys_zone=name:size [inactive=time] [max_size=size] [manager_files=number] [manager_sleep=time] [manager_threshold=time] [loader_files=number] [loader_sleep=time] [loader_threshold=time] [purger=on|off] [purger_files=number] [purger_sleep=time] [purger_threshold=time]; Default: — Context: http proxy_cache_path /data/nginx/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=one:10m;

3.当开启缓冲响应的功能以后，在没有读到全部响应的情况下，写缓冲到达一定大小时，nginx一定会向客户端发送响应。

Syntax: proxy_cache zone | off; Default: proxy_cache off; Context: http, server, location

4.定义对特定响应码的响应内容的缓存时长

Syntax: proxy_cache_valid [code ...] time; Default: — Context: http, server, location Sets caching time for different response codes. For example, the following directives proxy_cache_valid 200 302 10m; proxy_cache_valid 404 1m;

5.设置与后端服务器建立连接的超时时间。应该注意这个超时一般不可能大于75秒。

Syntax: proxy_connect_timeout time; Default: proxy_connect_timeout 60s; Context: http, server, location

6.定义从后端服务器读取响应的超时

Syntax: proxy_read_timeout time; Default: proxy_read_timeout 60s; Context: http, server, location

7.定义向后端服务器传输请求的超时

Syntax: proxy_send_timeout time; Default: proxy_send_timeout 60s; Context: http, server, location

8.为每个连接设置缓冲区的数量

Syntax: proxy_buffers number size; Default: proxy_buffers 8 4k|8k; Context: http, server, location

9.当开启缓冲响应的功能以后，在没有读到全部响应的情况下，写缓冲到达一定大小时，nginx一定会向客户端发送响应，直到缓冲小于此值

Syntax: proxy_busy_buffers_size size; Default: proxy_busy_buffers_size 8k|16k; Context: http, server, location

10.在开启缓冲后端服务器响应到临时文件的功能后，设置nginx每次写数据到临时文件的大小

Syntax: proxy_temp_file_write_size size; Default: proxy_temp_file_write_size 8k|16k; Context: http, server, location

11如果后端服务器出现状况，nginx是可以使用过期的响应缓存

Syntax: proxy_next_upstream error | timeout | invalid_header | http_500 | http_502 | http_503 | http_504 | http_403 | http_404 | http_429 | non_idempotent | off ...; Default: proxy_next_upstream error timeout; Context: http, server, location

示例

http { proxy_temp_path /tmp/nginx/proxy_temp_dir; proxy_cache_path /tmp/nginx/proxy_cache_dir levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:20m inactive=1d max_size=5g; client_body_buffer_size 512k; proxy_connect_timeout 60; proxy_read_timeout 60; proxy_send_timeout 60; proxy_buffer_size 32k; proxy_buffers 4 64k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k; proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_503 http_404; proxy_cache cache_one; } server { listen 80; server_name www.test.com; location / { proxy_pass http://10.120.123.10; } location ~*.jpg$ { proxy_pass http://10.120.123.11; } }

虚拟主机

server { listen 80; server_name ; root /data1/; location / { autoindex on; autoindex_exact_size off; autoindex_localtime on; } } vim /data1/index.thml <h1>10.120.123.10<h1>